k8s-kubernetes-configmap

文章信息

• 原文链接：https://jiayq.blog.csdn.net/article/details/102786860
• 发布时间：2019-10-28 19:17:29
• 阅读量：573
• 分类：kubenetes专栏收录该内容, 订阅专栏
• 标签：#k8s, #kubernetes, #configMap, #统一配置, #pod内如何使用configMap

摘要

文章浏览阅读573次。本文深入探讨Kubernetes ConfigMap的创建与使用，包括四种创建方式：字符串、env文件、目录和定义文件。并详细讲解了ConfigMap在Pod中的三种应用方式：作为环境变量、command参数和volume挂载。

---

k8s-kubernetes-configmap

• 1.configmap
• 2.configmap创建
• • 2.1 key-value字符串创建
    • 2.2 env文件创建
    • 2.3 从目录创建
    • 2.4 yaml/json创建
• 3.使用
• • 3.1 pod内env
    • 3.2 command
    • 3.3 volume挂载
• 4.总结

1.configmap

configmap用于保存配置数据的键值对，可以用来保存单个属性，也可以用来保存配置文件。configmap和secret很类似，但他可以更方便的处理不包含敏感信息的字符串。

2.configmap创建

2.1 key-value字符串创建

kubectl create configmap test -n study --from-literal=test.hello=hello --from-literal=testhello.hi=hi

当然也可以使用格式化输出形式查看



为了后面例子能够串起来，我们删除这个configmap，然后重新创建一个：

2.2 env文件创建

2.3 从目录创建

2.4 yaml/json创建

3.使用

3.1 pod内env

创建一个pod:
useforenv.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata: 
  name: tomcat-study
  namespace: study
  labels:
    mytomcat: study
spec: 
  containers:
  - name: tomcat
    env:
    - name: test_command_hello
      valueFrom:
        configMapKeyRef:
          name: testcommand
          key: test.command.hello
    - name: test_command_hi
      valueFrom:
        configMapKeyRef:
          name: testcommand
          key: test.command.hi
    - name: test_env_hello
      valueFrom:
        configMapKeyRef:
          name: testenv
          key: test.env.hello
    - name: testenvhello
      valueFrom:
        configMapKeyRef:
          name: testenv
          key: testenvhello
    - name: test_env_hi
      valueFrom:
        configMapKeyRef:
          name: testenv
          key: test.env.hi
    image: tomcat
    imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
    command: ["/usr/local/tomcat/bin/catalina.sh","run"]
    workingDir: /usr/local/tomcat/
    volumeMounts:
    - name: tomcat-log
      mountPath: /usr/local/tomcat/logs/
      readOnly: false
    ports:
    - name: tomcat-80
      containerPort: 80
      hostPort: 10080
      protocol: TCP
    - name: tomcat-8080
      containerPort: 8080
      hostPort: 18080
      protocol: TCP
    - name: tomcat-443
      containerPort: 443
      hostPort: 10443
      protocol: TCP
    resources:
      limits:
        cpu: 500m
        memory: 500Mi
      requests:
        cpu: 200m
        memory: 50Mi
    livenessProbe:
      tcpSocket:
        port: 80
      initialDelaySeconds: 180
      timeoutSeconds: 30
      periodSeconds: 600
  volumes:
  - name: tomcat-log
    nfs:
      server: 10.0.228.93
      path: /userdata/testtomcatlog

3.2 command

先创建一个configmap

在command中使用configmp需要将configmap先用3.1的方式设置为环境变量，然后在command中用$(envName)的方式使用。
useforcommand.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata: 
  name: tomcat-study
  namespace: study
  labels:
    mytomcat: study
spec: 
  containers:
  - name: tomcat
    image: tomcat
    imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
    command: ["/usr/local/tomcat/bin/catalina.sh","$(command_test_run)"]
    workingDir: /usr/local/tomcat/
    env:
    - name: command_test_run
      valueFrom:
        configMapKeyRef:
          name: command-run
          key: command.test.run
    volumeMounts:
    - name: tomcat-log
      mountPath: /usr/local/tomcat/logs/
      readOnly: false
    ports:
    - name: tomcat-80
      containerPort: 80
      hostPort: 10080
      protocol: TCP
    - name: tomcat-8080
      containerPort: 8080
      hostPort: 18080
      protocol: TCP
    - name: tomcat-443
      containerPort: 443
      hostPort: 10443
      protocol: TCP
    resources:
      limits:
        cpu: 500m
        memory: 500Mi
      requests:
        cpu: 200m
        memory: 50Mi
    livenessProbe:
      tcpSocket:
        port: 80
      initialDelaySeconds: 180
      timeoutSeconds: 30
      periodSeconds: 600
  volumes:
  - name: tomcat-log
    nfs:
      server: 10.0.228.93
      path: /userdata/testtomcatlog

已经启动了。。

3.3 volume挂载

创建configmap可以根据文件及目录进行创建，同样的，在使用的时候，可以根据configmap恢复成文件目录

根据这个目录创建configmap

在pod中使用
useforvolume.yaml

apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata: 
  name: tomcat-study
  namespace: study
  labels:
    mytomcat: study
spec: 
  containers:
  - name: tomcat
    env:
    - name: test_command_hello
      valueFrom:
        configMapKeyRef:
          name: testcommand
          key: test.command.hello
    - name: test_command_hi
      valueFrom:
        configMapKeyRef:
          name: testcommand
          key: test.command.hi
    - name: test_env_hello
      valueFrom:
        configMapKeyRef:
          name: testenv
          key: test.env.hello
    - name: testenvhello
      valueFrom:
        configMapKeyRef:
          name: testenv
          key: testenvhello
    - name: test_env_hi
      valueFrom:
        configMapKeyRef:
          name: testenv
          key: test.env.hi
    image: tomcat
    imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
    command: ["/usr/local/tomcat/bin/catalina.sh","run"]
    workingDir: /usr/local/tomcat/
    volumeMounts:
    - name: tomcat-log
      mountPath: /usr/local/tomcat/logs/
      readOnly: false
    - name: testdir
      mountPath: /usr/local/test/
      readOnly: false
    ports:
    - name: tomcat-80
      containerPort: 80
      hostPort: 10080
      protocol: TCP
    - name: tomcat-8080
      containerPort: 8080
      hostPort: 18080
      protocol: TCP
    - name: tomcat-443
      containerPort: 443
      hostPort: 10443
      protocol: TCP
    resources:
      limits:
        cpu: 500m
        memory: 500Mi
      requests:
        cpu: 200m
        memory: 50Mi
    livenessProbe:
      tcpSocket:
        port: 80
      initialDelaySeconds: 180
      timeoutSeconds: 30
      periodSeconds: 600
  volumes:
  - name: tomcat-log
    nfs:
      server: 10.0.228.93
      path: /userdata/testtomcatlog
  - name: testdir
    configMap:
      name: testdir

4.总结

• configmap就是k8s集群中公共的key-value集合，所有的pod都可以使用。
• configmap也是k8s中一类资源
• configmap有4种基本的创建方式：字符串、env、文件目录、定义文件
• configmap在pod中有3种使用方式：env、command、volume挂载